죽음으로 인해 더 주목 받는 '스티브 잡스'의 스탠퍼드 졸업연사

[재경일보 김상고 기자] 애플의 창업자였던 스티브 잡스의 사망 소식이 전해지자 그가 2005년 6월 미국 스탠퍼드대 졸업식에 참석해 전했던 영감어리고 감동적인 축사가 다시 주목받고 있다. 스티브 잡스는 뛰어난 프레젠테이션을 통해 많은 명언을 남겼다. 특히 이 졸업연사는 스티브 잡스가 남긴 명언들 중에서 백미라 할만하다. 당시 세계적 명문대 스탠퍼드의 졸업생들도 여름의 퇴약볕 아래서 숨죽여가며 15분 가량의 짧다면 짧고 길다면 긴 이 연설에 몰입했다.

잡스가 이 연설을 할 무렵은 잡스가 췌장암 진단을 받은 지 1년이 지난 상태였다. 그리고 수술을 받고 겨우 죽을 고비를 넘긴 시점이었다. 그는 이 자리에서 점(Dots), 사랑과 실패(Love and loss), 죽음(Death)에 대해 이야기했다.

특히 졸업하는 젊은이들에게 주문한 "Stay hungry, stay foolish!(늘 갈망해라, 우직하게)"라는 명언을 남겼다. 이것은 혁신을 위해 항상 새로움을 추구했던 스티브 잡스의 모습이었다. 

대학을 중퇴했던 잡스는 이날 점(Dots)에 대해 말하겠다며 자신이 대학을 그만 둔 이유를 설명하는 것으로 연설의 문을 열었다. 그는 먼저 자신이 입양아였다는 사실을 밝히고, 평범한 노동자였던 양부모가 평생 저축한 돈이 자신의 학비로 사용되고 있다는 사실을 알고 대학을 그만두기로 했다고 밝혔다.

두번째 주제는 사랑과 실패였는데, 자신의 '일에 대한 사랑'과 '자신이 설립한 회사로 쫓겨난 실패'에 대해 소개했다. 그는 애플에서 쫓겨난 것은 아픔이었지만, 그것을 일에 대한 사랑이 있었기에 극복할 수 있었다고 밝혔다. 또 자신이 설립한 회사에서 쫓겨난 것으로 인해 오히려 성공의 중압감에서 벗어나 초심자의 가벼운 마음을 되찾을 수 있게 되었고, 그 결과 최고의 창의력을 발휘할 수 있게 되었다고 말했다.

마지막 주제인 '죽음'에 대해서 말하며 그는 “만일 오늘이 내 인생의 마지막 날이라면, 내가 오늘 하려는 것을 하게 될까? 그리고 여러 날 동안 그 답이 ‘아니오’라고 나온다면, 나는 어떤 것을 바꿔야 한다고 깨달았다"고 말했다. 또 그는 "내가 곧 죽을 것이라는 것을 생각하는 것은, 내가 인생에서 큰 결정들을 내리는 데 도움을 준 가장 중요한 도구였다"고 말했다.

불과 1년 전 췌장암으로 6개월 밖에 살 수 없을 것이라는 사망선고를 받았던 그는 "누구도 죽기를 원하지 않는다. 하지만 죽음은 우리 모두의 숙명이다. 아무도 피해 갈 수 없다. 그러나 죽음은 삶이 만든 최고의 발명이다. 죽음은 변화를 만들어 낸다. 새로운 것이 헌 것을 대체할 수 있도록 해준다"고 강조했다. 죽음을 통해서 그는 오히려 오늘을 살 이유를 발견하고, 새로운 혁신을 향해서 나아갈 힘을 더욱더 얻게 된 것이다.

그러면서 학생들에게 "여러분의 시간은 한정돼 있다. 그러므로 다른 사람의 삶을 사느라고 시간을 허비하지 말라. 다른 사람들의 견해가 여러분 자신의 내면의 목소리를 가리는 소음이 되게 하지 말라"고 말했다.

그리고 마지막으로 "늘 갈망하고 우직하게 나아가라(Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish)"고 말하며 연설을 마감했다.

전 세계를 바꾸어냈던, 놀라운 IT의 혁신을 이끌어내 이 시대의 천재로 인정받는, 이름도 없는 기업을 시작해 세계 최고의 기업으로 만든, 그리고 죽음의 병마를 이겨내고 끝까지 갈망하고 우직하게 살아갔던 그의 인생을 생각하며 연설을 되새겨보는 것은 남아 있는 우리의 삶을 올바로 살아가는데 있어서 도움이 되지 않을까?

다음은 잡스의 2005년 스탠퍼드대 졸업식 연설을 영어로 그대로 옮긴 것이다.

"Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish"

Commencement Speech at Stanford given by Steve Jobs (2005)

I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories.

The first story is about connecting the dots.

I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?

It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said: "Of course."

My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.

And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.

It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:

Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating.

None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, it's likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.

My second story is about love and loss.

I was lucky — I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation — the Macintosh — a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.

I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.

I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.

I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don't settle.

My third story is about death.

When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.

Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything — all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.

About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.

I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I'm fine now.

This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope it's the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:

No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life's change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.

Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.

When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.

Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: "Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish." It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.

Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.

Thank you all very much.

출처 – University of Stanford News